Background
Under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), individuals are required to have health insurance while applicable large employers (ALEs) are required to offer health benefits to their full-time employees.
Reporting is required by employers with 50 or more full-time (or full-time equivalent) employees, insurers, or sponsors of self-funded health plans, on health coverage that is offered in order for the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to verify that:
- Individuals have the required minimum essential coverage,
- Individuals who request premium tax credits are entitled to them, and
- ALEs are meeting their shared responsibility (play or pay) obligations,
2017 Draft Forms and Instructions
Draft instructions for both the 1094-B and 1095-B and the 1094-C and 1095-C were released, as were the draft forms for 1094-B, 1095-B, 1094-C, and 1095-C. There are no substantive changes in the forms or instructions between 2016 and 2017, beyond the further removal of now-expired forms of transition relief.
In past years the IRS provided relief to employers who make a good faith effort to comply with the information reporting requirements and determined that they will not be subject to penalties for failure to correctly or completely file. This did not apply to employers that fail to timely file or furnish a statement. For 2017, the IRS has unofficially indicated that the “good faith compliance efforts” relating to reporting requirements will not be extended. Employers should be ready to fully meet the reporting requirements in early 2018 with a high degree of accuracy. There is, however, relief for de minimis errors on Line 15 of the 1095-C.
The IRS also confirmed there is no code for the Form 1095-C, Line 16 to indicate an individual waived an offer of coverage. The IRS also kept the “plan start month” box as an optional item for 2017 reporting.
Employers must remember to provide all printed forms in landscape, not portrait.
When? Which Employers?
Reporting will be due early in 2018, based on coverage in 2017.
For calendar year 2017, Forms 1094-C, 1095-C, 1094-B, and 1095-B must be filed by February 28, 2018, or April 2, 2018, if filing electronically. Statements to employees must be furnished by January 31, 2018. In late 2016, a filing deadline was provided for forms due in early 2017, however, it is unknown if that extension will be provided for forms due in early 2018. Until employers are told otherwise, they should plan on meeting the current deadlines.
All reporting will be for the 2017 calendar year, even for non-calendar year plans. The reporting requirements are in Sections 6055 and 6056 of the ACA.
The major reporting requirements are:
| Fully Insured < 50 FTEs |
Fully Insured 50+ FTEs |
Self-Funded < 50 FTEs |
Self-Funded 50+ FTEs |
|
| Forms to employee | 1095-B | 1095-B / 1095-C (Parts I and II only) | 1095-B | 1095-C (all Parts) |
| Filed by | Insurer | Insurer / Employer | Plan Sponsor (generally the employer) | Plan Sponsor (generally the employer) |
| Forms to IRS | 1094-B | 1094-B (with copies of all 1095-Bs) / 1094-C (with copies of all 1095-Cs) | 1094-B (with copies of all 1095-Bs) | 1094-C (with copies of all 1095-Cs) |
| Filed by | Insurer | Insurer / Employer | Plan Sponsor | Plan Sponsor |
Penalties for Failure to File
- The penalty for failure to file a correct information return is $260 for each return for which the failure occurs, with the total penalty for a calendar year not to exceed $3,218,500.
- The penalty for failure to provide a correct payee statement is $260 for each statement for which the failure occurs, with the total penalty for a calendar year not to exceed $3,218,500.
Special rules apply that increase the per-statement and total penalties if there is an intentional disregard of the requirement to file the returns and furnish the required statements.
6055 Requirements: Forms 1094-B and 1095-B
IRS Form 1095-B is used to meet the Section 6055 reporting requirement. Section 6055 reporting relates to having coverage to meet the individual shared responsibility requirement. Form 1095-B is used by insurers, plan sponsors of self-funded multiemployer plans, and plan sponsors of self-funded plans that have fewer than 50 employees to report on coverage that was actually in effect for the employee, union member, retiree or COBRA participant, and their covered dependents, on a month-by-month basis. Filers use Form 1094-B as the transmittal to submit the 1095-B return.
6056 Requirements: Forms 1094-C and 1095-C
IRS Form 1095-C is primarily used to meet the Section 6056 reporting requirement. The Section 6056 reporting requirement relates to the employer shared responsibility/play or pay requirement. Information from Form 1095-C is also used to determine whether an individual is eligible for a premium tax credit. Employers with 50 or more full-time or full-time equivalent employees complete much of Form 1095-C to report on coverage that was offered to the employee and eligible dependents. In addition, to save large employers that sponsor self-funded plans from having to complete two forms, a Part III has been included in Form 1095-C. Large employers with self-funded plans use that part of the form to report information about actual coverage that otherwise would be reported on Form 1095-B. Employers with 50 or more full-time or full-time equivalent employees with fully insured plans will skip section III, and their carrier will complete a separate B series form to report that information for them.
Form 1094-C is used in combination with Form 1095-C to determine employer shared responsibility penalties.
Employers with 50 or more full-time or full-time equivalent employees must provide Form 1095-C to virtually all employees who were full-time (averaged 30 hours per week) during any month during the year, even if coverage was not offered to the employee or the employee declined coverage. (If the full-time employee never became eligible during the year, most likely because the employee is a variable-hours employee in an initial measurement period, the form does not need to be provided).
2017; Plan Start Month Box
The 1095-C form retains the “plan start month” box, which was optional for 2015, 2016, and remains optional for 2017. This box is intended to provide the IRS with information used to calculate an individual’s eligibility for premium tax credits, which is based on the employer plan’s affordability, calculated by plan year. In 2016 the IRS had indicated the box would be mandatory in 2017.
2017; De Minimis Errors on 1095-C, Line 15
Form 1095-C, Line 15 is where employers report on the monthly cost of the lowest employee-only premium offered to employees. So long as the dollar amount reported on Line 15 is not incorrect or off by more than $100, no penalty will be imposed for filing incorrect information. However, payees (employees) can elect out of the safe harbor and request a corrected form. If an employee (payee) does that, penalties for the error would apply to the employer. The safe harbor applies to reporting only, not the actual offer of coverage and affordability.
10/2/2017
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